The Arctic is warming faster than other areas, with a double temperature increase compared to the global average (Arctic Amplification,AA). This affects climate on a large scale, perturbing meteorological parameters and hydrological cycles even at
Mid-latitudes, including Italy, in particular affecting extreme events.
Current models for climate change (CC) are highly limited by large uncertainties on the role of atmospheric aerosol, including the aerosol-radiation interactions in all sky conditions (depending on cloud type and cloudiness in the atmosphere) and on the climatic impact of different aerosol sources, including those emerging from the CC in the Arctic. Despite the vastness of the Arctic area, few monitoring stations are present and are on land, so no full description of the spatial variability of the needed parameters is available on the sea that covers most of the area. Finally, a detailed description of the aerosol spatial variability in the Arctic is not enough to investigate the aerosol effect on the AA: several modelling studies point to the possible role of the transport of heat due to aerosol absorption of solar radiation, from mid-latitudes to the Arctic.