Simulation data:

1) Bolam model (nickname "Bolam") with the soil-vegetation-snow parametrisation of "Pochva" scheme (Version V20) horizontal resolution 0.075 degrees in rotated coordinates (about 8 km), 60 atmospheric levels
2) IFS-ECMWF (nickname "IFS") Cycles 46, 47, horizontal resolution 0.125 degrees (about 15 km), 137 atmospheric levels, but soil temperature is available at +0h forecast only, at 0 UTC

Observation data:

WMO GTS, Synop-Land, ECMWF archive
Data at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 UTC in Austria Republic only

Set of observation points (about 100 points):


Time series of errors as a function of forecast term

BIAS (systematic error)

RMSE (Root Mean Square Error)

RMSE-BIAS (root mean square error without systematic error)



Errors in observation points for various forecast terms


BIAS        

Bolam

IFS


RMSE        

Bolam

IFS


RMSE-BIAS        

Bolam

IFS