Simulation data:

1) Bolam model (version 2016) horizontal resolution 0.075 degrees in rotated coordinates (about 8 km), 50 atmospheric levels
2) Bolam model with the soil-vegetation-snow parametrisation of "Pochva" scheme (version 2017) horizontal resolution 0.075 degrees in rotated coordinates (about 8 km), 50 atmospheric levels
3) Moloch model (version 2016) horizontal resolution 0.014 degrees in rotated coordinates (about 1.5 km), 50 atmospheric levels
4) IFS-ECMWF (Cycle 41) horizontal resolution 0.125 degrees (about 15 km), 91 atmospheric levels

Observation data:

WMO GTS, Synop-Land, ECMWF archive
Data at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 UTC

2 sets of observation points:

Stations in the whole Bolam domain (about 3300 points)

Italian stations (about 150 points)


Time series of errors as a function of forecast term

BIAS (Systematic error)

RMSE (Root Mean Square Error)

RMSE-BIAS (root mean square error without systematic error)



Errors in observation points for various forecast terms


BIAS        

Bolam whole domain

Bolam Italy domain

Bolam-Pochva whole domain

Bolam-Pochva Italy domain

Moloch

IFS domain of Bolam

IFS Italy domain


RMSE        

Bolam whole domain

Bolam Italy domain

Bolam-Pochva whole domain

Bolam-Pochva Italy domain

Moloch

IFS domain of Bolam

IFS Italy domain


RMSE-BIAS        

Bolam whole domain

Bolam Italy domain

Bolam-Pochva whole domain

Bolam-Pochva Italy domain

Moloch

IFS domain of Bolam

IFS Italy domain